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GENDER AND SEXUALITY
Marit Seng Ja Pan

She wants to say something --- listen only the people whose ears are not yet closed; whose eyes have not yet lost at least a little drops of mercy.

In the darkness of night, there heard aloud her cry; the poisonous serpent had copulated and became one body during the darkness. The rejected people got shelter in the dirty streets.

She was the only one who did lack the feeling of sleeping. Her eyes were filled with tears. She was good in masking her aged wrinkles by the face pack and rose powders, but the shadow of fear was on her face, which was not hidden. She was afraid of hearing their footsteps; the sound of the boots of her husband, the man who sold her body for his own profits, along with the cruelty of her son who was born and brought up by her body.

She…She was in an Oasis who quenches the thirst of the filth.

She counted her days, months and years. 1985, Law College, Calcutta, she was there for six years when opened her dresses and became naked for the first time; her body was wetted with tears. During the silence of darkness, when they shared her body, her son has dined with some of them without knowing that his mother had to sell her body so that she could eat; even now she does not know how to bargain the price of her body. Now she is in the street; her hands do not shiver at the time she received her medical certificate proving her illness: "AIDS". Ah, she fought with the barking dogs for her food for a few days; but the phase was changed. Now, she is not able to move. She does not curse anybody, whenever she tries to remember her days. Her face is glowing with hesitation; she is waiting for her beloved's death.

This is not a story of one lady, but of many who dedicated and is dedicating their divine bodies to others in order to satisfy their thirst for money, sex, position, fame etc.

If we scan through this subject, we can find many problems on sexuality. I would draw your attention on this problem through the Indian situations since I have been grown up in the country. According to the ancient Indian culture, there was given much importance of equality between man and woman. Women were considered as goddess of a family. "Yattra Nariyasthu Poojaynthe Ramande Thathra Devatha" is a Sanskrit sentence which means whenever ladies are respected, heaven is created over there --- that much of heavenly reputed position was given to the women during that time. This blessing has been changed from 17th century onwards. Men have been engaged in hard some works, and women have been given the position of home minister and thereby engaged with all household works such as cooking, washing, cleaning, and keeping things and children! If a woman of a family does not undertake such tangled works in a house, she is considered as not a homely woman. This position is prevailing in many parts of the countries like India and Burma even in the 21st century. Father has responsibility for making money and taking decisions. Mother is considered as a pouch to give birth children, undertakes their duties and sometimes should be oppressed by her husband and the value of the money what he is getting. Woman has to pay Lakhs of money as a dowry to man according the demand of man and his relatives. If a man is well educated and gets handsome salary etc., a woman who is going to marry with him should offer a lot of dowry in case of Indian condition. This also means that the rights and the value of women in the society are inferior. It is sad to say that such orthodox concepts have not yet completely rubbed off from the Indian situation and culture. Both the parents are responsible for undertaking the full responsibilities of the children, as both of them are mutually responsible for a birth. In India, Kerala is only the state having 100% literacy. Even then, a workingwoman has to perform double responsibility. She has to do her office works as well as house works though she and her husband are in the same position.

In contrary, if we look the progress and the development of women there are some achievements of the Indian women. In India, women are able to do jobs. They can work in various fields. Some of them are scientists, doctors, researchers, engineers, Miss World, Universe while some of them are politicians. Indian ladies have also put their feet in the space. They work in air force, army and other such reputed positions. They give birth to many world famous leaders and talented personalities. If we analyse such situations, we can say that there is some progress in women's rights and the positions, but it is quite slow compared to other countries like USA, UK, JAPAN etc. In India, among women, only 12% are living with a better standard. 48% of women and 27% of men are illiterate where as 43% are living below the poverty line and child labours still exist. While analyzing such circumstances, the progress and the achievements that we made are not up to the desirable level to the common ones. In India, like Burma, the male gender has got much more important than female. Father is the only one who is taking the decisions within the family and others are bound to obey him. Father is prominent in all dealings including sex. Female gender is said to be oppressed under male in the Indian and Burmese conditions. Only the difference is that the Burmese and some South East Asian women do not know how to fight their rights etc. Wife has a definition of Wonderful Instrument For Enjoyment (WIFE). Female gender is put under the control of the social customs, traditions etc., especially Brahmins and Muslims.

The history taught us that the child marriage was one of the most vulgar customs of India along with the Pardha system of Muslims and Brahmins. The ladies have to put veils on their pates, and were not able to face the crowd or the public. Ladies in the societies are just as confined birds in a cage just because of their genders. Some few of the male ganders are good models where as some of them representing the symbolism of vulgarities. Women are thrusted under their feet. We can daily find many stories about rape, kidnapping on Indian newspapers. The female has to suffer a lot from the day of her birth until her death. When we talk about the marriage, generally we say that marriage is made in heaven. It is an understanding between man and woman. In this ultra-modernised era, many of them think this as a license to "safe sex". Marriage is a process of selling the female or sometimes free of cost in Burma especially among the ethnic minorities. The female has to suffer a lot even after marriage in her husband's house. Tradition and custom has also taught us in such a way that a female, when marries a male, should usually go to and stay in male's house. If a man, after marriage, lives at his wife's house the tradition is said to be reversed and the man is considered as inferior in self-reliance. In India, it is just a fact that village people sometimes happened to kill their daughters after immediately her birth by crushing her neck in order to survive older ones within the family by saving her dowry (money) that will have to pay to her husband during her marriage. These sort of vulgar traditions are prevailing in the remote areas.

Though we have learnt the dirtiest faces of the Indian women, there are many successful stories among them. They, the women in India, have 33% reservation for ladies in all levels, including administration in Indian Parliament. The government and private agencies are giving them training and practice to get self-sufficiency. The government has banned Child marriage --- eligibility of man and woman is 21, 18 years, and over. Women's Act and Women's Committee were passed by the government in order to get release from their problems of torturing and exploitation. Dowry system has been banned --- but this one is still existing. The care and the Protection of old people have been given much emphasis with small amount of pensions in collaboration with the organizations like NGOs, DFID (Department of International Development), and equity of payment times and fund, Divorce Act, equality in family planning and so on. The democratic government of India has changed the worst conditions to an appreciable extent. To add more strength and to support the government, many associations around the globe are cooperating with it. They are giving much important for the up gradation of India as a developing country, and to eliminate women's vulgar faces from the society. According to the India's First Prime Minister: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, "The service of India means, the service of millions who suffer, the ending of poverty, ignorance, diseases, inequality of opportunity". "Without any difference of male and female gender, every body is trying their level best to achieve this dream, in order to create a cleanse developed and peaceful India."

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